Study of Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activities of Waltheria indica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/nnas.v3i4.649Keywords:
Waltheriaindica, Flavonoids, Anthraquinones, Saponins, Tannins, TerpenesAbstract
Waltheria indica is used in Nigeria and other parts of the world as traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments, such as skin disease, impotence, malaria, typhoid fever, epilepsy, infertility, aches, pains, syphilis, piles, cough, sore throat, gonorrhea, and leprosy, among others. The extracts of this plant—aqueous, chloroform, and methanolic—were subjected to both phytochemical and antimicrobial screening. The result of the phytochemical screening showed the occurrence of flavonoids, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, terpenes, cardiac glycosides, and carbohydrates. But absence of free anthraquinone and phlobatanines. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was tested using the agar plate-hole, nutrient broth, and agar diffusion methods. It was found that the plant extracts from both methanol and chloroform were not notable to exhibit any reasonable activity, while the aqueous extract showed reasonable activity with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings, however, support the traditional use of the Waltheriaindica for the treatment of the above-mentioned diseases. This is because aqueous extract is the only extract that shows an inhibitory effect, and similarly, the traditional healers use water for their extraction.
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